Oral irrigator with reservoir valve

ABSTRACT

An oral irrigator includes a base, a reservoir supported by the base and including a bottom wall and a port defined in the bottom wall, and a valve received in the port. The valve is movable between a first position in which the port is open to allow fluid flow from the reservoir to the base and a second position in which the port is closed by the valve. The valve includes a body, a cap extending from a first end of the body, a flange extending from a second end of the body opposite the first end, a sealing member positioned around the body adjacent the cap, and a spring positioned around the body adjacent the flange.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/588,538, entitled “Oral Irrigator with Variable Output Fluid Characteristics,” filed on May 5, 2017, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/831,401, entitled “Oral Irrigator with Massage Mode,” filed on Mar. 14, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,642,677, which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to health and personal hygiene equipment and methods of controlling such equipment. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to oral irrigators and methods of controlling such equipment.

BACKGROUND

Oral irrigators typically are used to clean a user's teeth and gums by discharging a pressurized fluid stream into a user's oral cavity. The fluid impacts the teeth and gums to remove debris. Often, some users may prefer one pressure level whereas others may prefer another pressure. However, typically, the pressure level may be determined by characteristics of the pump and motor and may not be variable between users. For example, certain flow characteristics, such as pressure, are determined by a mechanical valve, cavity or fluid passage size, or the like, which may not be altered based on particular user preferences and may be complicated to manufacture.

SUMMARY

One example may take the form of a handheld oral irrigator general includes an irrigating device, such as an oral irrigator or a nasal irrigator. The irrigating device includes a pump and a motor connected to the pump and configured to selectively drive the pump. Additionally, the irrigating device includes a massage module in communication with the motor. During a normal mode, the pump has a first pulse rate and during a massage mode, the massage module provides a massage control signal to the motor, causing the pump to have a second pulse rate.

Another example may take the form of a method for varying a pulse rate for an oral cleaning device. The method includes activating a motor connected to pump; determining by a processing element whether a massage mode should be activated; if the massage mode is activated, providing a massage signal to the motor, causing a massage pulse rate output by the pump; and if the massage mode is not activated, providing a normal signal to the motor, causing a normal pulse rate output by the pump.

Yet another example may take the form of an oral irrigator. The oral irrigator includes a reservoir defining a fluid cavity, a pump in fluid communication with the fluid cavity, and a motor connected to the pump and configured to selectively activate the pump. The oral irrigator may also include a handle in fluid communication with the pump and a signal generator in communication with the motor and configured to selectively vary a control signal provided to the motor to vary one or more output characteristics of the motor.

In another example, an oral irrigator including a reservoir, a tip in fluid communication with the reservoir, a pump in fluid communication with the tip and the reservoir, where the motor drives the pump is disclosed. The oral irrigator also includes a control module electrically coupled to the motor to vary an output of the motor. During a normal mode, the control module drives the motor to output a normal pulse rate, a normal flow rate, and a normal fluid pressure as the fluid exits the lip and during a massage mode, the control module drives the motor to output a massage pulse rate, a massage flow rate, and a massage fluid pressure as the fluid exits the tip. The massage pulse rate is lower than the normal pulse rate, the massage fluid pressure is lower than the normal fluid pressure, and the massage fluid pressure is lower than the normal fluid pressure.

In yet another example, an oral irrigation device includes a fluid reservoir; a reciprocating pump in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir; a tip in fluid communication with the pump; a motor operably connected to the pump, wherein the motor drives the pump to pump fluid from the fluid reservoir to the tip; a mechanically adjustable valve that varies one or more fluid path characteristics of a flow path between the reservoir and the tip to change an outlet fluid pressure of fluid exiting the tip; and a processing element in electrical communication with the motor. The processing element varies performs the following operations: responsive to receiving a first user input, the processing element varies a voltage applied to the motor to vary a fluid output pressure of the fluid exiting the tip; and responsive to receiving a second user input, the processing element varies a frequency applied to the motor to vary a fluid pulse rate of the fluid exiting the tip.

In another example, an oral irrigator includes a base, a reservoir supported by the base and including a bottom wall and a port defined in the bottom wall, and a valve received in the port. The valve is movable between a first position in which the port is open to allow fluid flow from the reservoir to the base and a second position in which the port is closed by the valve. The valve includes a body, a cap extending from a first end of the body, a flange extending from a second end of the body opposite the first end, a sealing member positioned around the body adjacent the cap, and a spring positioned around the body adjacent the flange.

While multiple examples are disclosed, still other examples of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which shows and describes illustrative examples of the invention. As will be realized, the invention is capable of modifications in various aspects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a front perspective view of an oral irrigator including a massage module.

FIG. 1B is a rear perspective view of the oral irrigator of FIG. 1A.

FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a second example of an oral irrigator including a massage mode.

FIG. 3A is a cross-section view of the oral irrigator taken along line 3A-3A in FIG. 1B.

FIG. 3B is a cross-section view of the oral irrigator taken along line 3B-3B in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 4A is a front perspective view of the oral irrigator with select components hidden for clarity.

FIG. 4B is a rear perspective view of the oral irrigator with select components hidden for clarity.

FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram of the electrical components of the oral irrigator.

FIG. 6 is a simplified circuit diagram of the massage module.

FIG. 7A is a first example of an illustrative circuit schematic for an implementation of the electrical components of the oral irrigator.

FIG. 7B is a second example of an illustrative circuit schematic for an implementation of the electrical components of the oral irrigator.

FIG. 7C is a third example of an illustrative circuit schematic for an implementation of the electrical components of the oral irrigator.

FIG. 7D is an example of a switch control board for the oral irrigator.

FIG. 8A is diagram of a first control signal produced by the massage module.

FIG. 8B is a diagram of a second control signal produced by the massage module.

FIG. 8C is a diagram of a third control signal produced by the massage module.

FIG. 9A is a chart illustrating an example of pressure ranges for the oral irrigator during clean mode.

FIG. 9B is a chart illustrating an example of pressure ranges for the oral irrigator during massage mode.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a method for operating the oral irrigator including the massage module.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating a method for dynamically adjusting the pressure and pulse rate of the oral irrigator using the massage module.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Some examples of the present disclosure include an irrigating device, such as an oral irrigator, having a massage module. The massage module may be configured to vary one or more characteristics of a fluid stream to create a fluid flow that may massage a user's gums, as well as enhance user's comfort as the user cleans his or her teeth or gums. The oral irrigator may include a motor and a pump connected to and controlled by the motor. The pump is fluidly connected to a fluid supply and pumps fluid from the supply to an outlet (such as a tip). The massage module may also be in communication with the motor and may provide one or more control signals to the motor to vary one or more characteristics of the motor, such as speed, power, or torque. Because the motor is connected to the pump, as the massage module varies the speed or other characteristic of the motor, the output characteristics of the pump may be correspondingly varied. The output characteristics of the pump may be varied based on a fluid flow that may “massage” a user's gums, such as a pulsed output where the fluid pulses (the flow intermittently turns on an off). In another example, the massage module may vary the outlet fluid pressure of the oral irrigator during massage mode, e.g., may reduce the outlet pressure as compared to clean mode. In this example, the fluid pulse rate may remain substantially the same in both clean mode and massage mode or may also be varied along with the pressure.

In some examples, the oral irrigator may include a cleaning or normal mode and a massage mode. During the cleaning mode, the oral irrigator may include a relatively steady fluid flow or may include a fluid flow having a slight pulse (e.g., due to a mechanical characteristics of the pump). During the massage mode, the massage module may vary the fluid pulsing length and/or pressure. For example, the massage module may vary a control signal to selectively vary the power level provided the motor. In a specific implementation, the power may be selectively activated and deactivated, which may cause the motor to produce intermittent motion resulting in varying the output of the pump. The pump may be selectively activated to create a pulsating fluid flow through the oral irrigator outlet (e.g., the tip).

In one example, the pulses created by the massage module may be longer fluid pulse or breaks in the fluid stream as compared to the normal operation. The increase in pulse length causes the fluid stream to massage a user's gums, enhancing blood flow and providing an enjoyable experience to the user. This is because the pulses may be timed with recovery the gum tissues (e.g., timed to allow blood to flow back into the tissue between each fluid pulse), and provides therapeutic benefits to the gums.

The massage mode may vary one or more characteristics of the control signal based on user input. For example, the user may select the massage mode and may then vary the frequency, magnitude, or shape of the control signal, such as changing the shape of a voltage waveform or its frequency. In other examples, the massage mode may apply a predetermined signal to the motor. For example, a control signal may be determined for the massage mode and when the massage mode is activated by the user, the stored signal may be applied. In these examples, the oral irrigator may include a plurality of control signals that may correlate to different massage modes. In yet other examples, the oral irrigator may include stored signals that may be selected by a user for a predetermined pulsing effect, as well as may vary one or more signals to allow the user to dynamically variable the pulsing effect.

In addition to providing a massage mode, the massage module or another processing element of the oral irrigator may vary one or more output characteristics of the oral irrigator to provide feedback to a user. As a first example, the massage mode may be activated automatically one or more times during normal mode to indicate to a user to move to a different tooth or portion of the mount. As a second example, the massage mode may be activated after a predetermined time period in order to alert the user that a cleaning time (which may be set by the user or be preselected) has expired. As a third example, the massage mode may be activated automatically every time period, e.g., every 30 seconds the massage mode may be activated to provide a massaging feel interspersed with cleaning.

In other examples, the massage module may be used with other irrigating devices. For example, the massage mode may be implemented in a nasal irrigator and may vary the fluid flow rate and pressure to massage the user's nasal tissues. In these examples, the pulse rate and control signal may be varied as compared to the oral irrigator, but may still provide a massaging effect.

In yet other examples, the massage module may be used with other oral instruments to provide a massaging effect and/or to enhance cleaning. For example, the massage module may be incorporated into an electrically driven toothbrush. In this example, the massage module may vary the motor speed or power to vary vibrations or bristle movement.

With reference now to the figures, the oral irrigator will be discussed in more detail. FIG. 1A is a front perspective view of an oral irrigator including a massage mode. FIG. 1B is a FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the oral irrigator of FIG. 1A. With reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the oral irrigator 100 may include a base 102, a reservoir 104, and a handle 108. The base 102 may provide support for the reservoir 104 and the handle 108, as well as house many of the drive and power assembly components of the oral irrigator 100. For example, the base 102 may house a pump, control circuitry, and/or motor, which will be discussed in more detail below.

The base 102 may include a bottom support 128 and a cover 130. The bottom support 128 may provide support for one or more of the internal components of the oral irrigator 100 and the cover 102 may cover those components to conceal them, as well as provide protection for those components. The base 102 may include a plurality of feet 132 a, 132 b, 132 c, and 132 d to support the base 102 on a surface, such as a countertop or the like.

The base 102 may also include a clamp 134 or other structure to releasably support the handle 108. In some examples, the clamp 134 may be a C-clamp; however, other attachment mechanisms are envisioned. The base 102 may also include a hose cavity 136 or hose box that may receive and support the hose 118 in a collapsed position. For example, the hose cavity 136 may include one or more arms on which the hose 118 may be wrapped. The hose cavity 136 may be recessed into the cover 130, may be flush with the cover, or may extend outwards from the cover.

The oral irrigator 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B is a countertop irrigator. However, in some examples, the oral irrigator 100 may be a handheld irrigator. FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a second example of an oral irrigator. With reference to FIG. 2, in examples where the oral irrigator 100 is a handheld unit, the reservoir 104 and handle 106 may be connected together. The reservoir 104 may include a removable cavity that may refilled by a user and then reattached to the handle 106. Additionally, in these examples, the internal components of the irrigator 100, such as the motor, pump, and control circuitry, may be included within the handle 106 rather than a base unit. The description of the oral irrigation described below is generally directed to the oral irrigator illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B; however, it should be noted that the description is equally applicable to the oral irrigator 100 shown in FIG. 2, with the exception that the internal components of the base are included in the handle 106.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-section views of the oral irrigator taken along lines 3A-3A and 3B-3B, respectively, in FIGS. 1A and 1B. With reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, the reservoir 104 defines a cavity 105 to hold liquid that may be expelled trough a tip 114 connected to the handle 108. The reservoir 104 may include a lid 120 and may be removable from the base 102. In some examples, the oral irrigator 102 may be a handheld or more compact and the reservoir 104 may be incorporated into the handle 108 (e.g., a container attachable to the handle 108). The reservoir 104 may be substantially any size or shape and may be modified as desired, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the reservoir is included as a cavity attached to the handle.

With reference again to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the handle 108 is movable relative to the base 102 and may be fluidly connected to the reservoir 104. For example, a hose 118 may fluidly connect the reservoir 104 to the handle 108 and tip 114. In examples where the reservoir 104 may be incorporated into the handle 108, the hose 118 may be internal to the handle 108 or may be omitted (e.g., a fluid pathway may be defined through a housing of the handle rather than a tube). In some examples, the handle 108 may include a plurality of internal components, such as a check valves, bypass valves, pause valves, or the like. In these examples, the handle 108 may be used to vary one or more characteristics of the fluid flow output by the tip, separate from or in addition with the features for controlling the fluid output within the base. As mentioned above, although a number of components, such as the pump, reservoir, etc., are discussed herein as being incorporated into the base, in certain examples these components may be included with the handle. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a handheld oral irrigator may include a portable reservoir attached to the handle with a pump internal the handle. Accordingly, the discussion of any particular example for the handle and base is meant as illustrative only.

The tip 114 may be selectively removable from the handle 108. For example, an eject 126 button can selectively release the tip 144 from the handle 108. The tip 114 defines a fluid pathway that is fluidly connected to the hose 118. The tip 114 includes an outlet 122 from which fluid from the reservoir 104 may be expelled from the oral irrigator 100. The tip 114 may generally be configured to be inserted into a user's mouth and may expel fluid against a user's teeth, gums, tongue, etc. In some examples, the outlet 122 portion of the tip 144 may be shaped as a nozzle or may include a nozzle or other attachment connected thereto.

The oral irrigator 100 may include a plurality of control actuators 110, 112, 113, 124 to control one or more characteristics or parameters of the oral irrigator 100. For example, the control actuators 110, 112, 124 may activate/deactivate the oral irrigator 100, may vary a flow rate, a fluid pressure, a setting (e.g., slow, medium fast), and/or may activate a particular mode, e.g., massage mode. The number of control actuators 110, 112, 113, 124, as well as their structure, size, or shape may be varied as desired. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the two control actuators 110, 112 on the base 102 are illustrated as rotatable knob or buttons; however, in other examples, the control actuators 110, 112, 113 may be switches, sliders, or the like.

A first control actuator 110 may be configured to vary a fluid pressure of fluid as it exits the tip 114. For example, the control actuator 110 may be connected to a valve that may selectively change the diameter or other fluid pathway characteristics of a fluid outlet or pathway between the reservoir 104 and the tip 114. As the diameter is varies, such as due to a user turning the control actuator 110, the outlet fluid pressure as fluid is expelled from the tip 114 may be selectively modified. As another example, the first control actuator 110 may activate a massage module to activate a massage mode for the oral irrigator 100.

A second control actuator 112 on the base may be configured to selectively power the oral irrigator 100. In other words, the second control actuator 112 may be a power button or knob to turn on the oral irrigator 100. Additionally, in some examples, the second control actuator 112 may activate one or more settings. As an example, the second control actuator 112 may activate and deactivate the oral irrigator 100, as well as select one or more settings, such as a massage mode, low pressure, high pressure, or the like.

A third control actuator 113 on the base may be configured to selectively activate massage mode. In some examples the third control actuator 113 may be positioned adjacent to the second control actuator 112 and may be a compressible button, rather than a knob. However, in other examples, the control actuator 113 may be a knob and may be located on the handle or other portions of the base 102.

In some examples, a fourth control actuator 124 may be disposed on the handle 108. The fourth control actuator 124 may selectively activate one or more settings or may act to pause the oral irrigator 100. By placing the control actuator 124 on the handle 108, the user may more easily change settings or pause the oral irrigator 100 while he or she is using the oral irrigator 100.

The various control actuators 110, 112, 113, 124 may be configured as desired and may change one or more settings or parameters of the oral irrigator 100. For example, any of the buttons 110, 112, 113, 124 may be configured to activate a massage mode for the oral irrigator 100.

The oral irrigator 100 may also include a plurality of lights 117 a, 117 b, which may be used to provide feedback to a user. For example, the lights 117 a, 117 b may illuminate, change color, or may pulse to indicate a current mode of the oral irrigator, a pressure level of the oral irrigator, or the like. In a specific example, a first light 117 a is illuminated during normal mode and a second light 117 b is illuminated during massage mode. See, for example, FIG. 7D.

With reference to FIG. 1B, the oral irrigator 100 may include a power cable 116 or port to receive a power cable. The power cable 116 may be configured to be received into an outlet or power source and may transfer power from a power source to the oral irrigator 100. It should be noted that the type of power cable 116 might be varied based on the power source for the oral irrigator 100. Alternatively, such as the oral irrigator shown in FIG. 2, the oral irrigator 100 may include an integrated power supply; such as one or more batteries, and in these cases the power cord 116 may be omitted or may be used to recharge the integrated power supply (rather than directly provide power to the oral irrigator 100). As will be discussed in more detail below, the power cord 116 may function to act as a power supply for the oral irrigator.

An illustrative example of the internal components of the oral irrigator 100 will now be discussed in further detail. FIGS. 4A and 4B are various perspective views of the oral irrigator 100 with select elements hidden for clarity. With reference to FIGS. 4A-4B the oral irrigator 100 may include a motor 142, a gear box 144, a pump 146, and a chassis 140 supporting the motor 142, gear box 144 and pump 146. A valve assembly 156 including a valve 158 may fluidly connect the reservoir 104 to the pump 146 and a valve fitting 152 may fluidly connect the pump 146 to the hose 118 (and thus the tip 114 and handle 108). Additionally, a check valve 167 may be positioned between the valve assembly 156 and the valve fitting 152. The check valve 167 may regulate fluid pressure of the oral irrigator 100. The oral irrigator 100 may also include a control circuitry 164 having a signal generator 166 in electrical communication with the motor 142.

With reference to FIGS. 3A and 4A, the motor 142 may be substantially any type of motor that may drive movement or create mechanical work sufficient to drive a pump. For example, the motor 142 may be a direct current motor, where the speed of the motor 142 may be controlled by a signal, such as a voltage signal. Control of the motor 142 will be discussed in more detail below.

With reference to FIGS. 3A and 4A, the motor 142 may include a drive shaft 143 (see FIG. 3A) that is connected to a gear shaft 147 and a drive gear 149. The drive gear 149 is connected to a piston 145 or other moveable element within the pump 146. The gear box 144 may cover the gear shaft 147, the drive gear 149, and other mechanical gears or linkage elements that may be used to connect the drive shaft 143 of the motor 144 to the pump 146. The linkage and gear elements may be varied as desired and may depend on the orientation of the motor and the pump relative to one another, the size or speed of the motor, and the like.

The pump 146 may be substantially any type of component that may pump fluid from one location to another. For example, the pump 146 may be a piston driven pump that may selectively push fluid from the reservoir 104 into the hose 118. However, many other pump types are envisioned. Some illustrate pump types include a diaphragm pump or a centrifugal pump. The pump 146 may include a pump body 169 and an inlet pump 165 received within the pump body 169. The first control actuator 110 may be connected to the pump 146 and may be attached to a bypass valve or other control valve (not shown). As discussed briefly above, the first control actuator 110 may selectively vary the pressure of fluid output from the pump 146 and may do so by varying the diameter of a fluid channel between the pump 146 and the tip 114.

With continued reference to FIGS. 3A-4B, the valve assembly 156 may be connected to the pump 146 and received into a bottom of the reservoir. The valve assembly 156 may include a valve 158 and one or more sealing members 160, 162, such as O-rings or sealing cups. The valve 158 may regulate fluid flow from the reservoir 104 into the pump 146. Accordingly, the valve 158 is in fluid communication with the reservoir 104 and provides fluid from the reservoir 104 into the pump 146.

The valve fitting 152 includes a fluid outlet 154 and fluidly connects the pump 146 to hose 118. The valve fitting 152 may be connected to the hose 118 and provide a fluid pathway from the reservoir 104 to the handle 108.

The oral irrigator 100 may also include one or more isolators 168. The isolators 168 may connect the chassis 140 to the bottom support 128 of the base 102. In some examples, the isolators 168 may absorb vibrations from the motor 142 and the pump 146, to reduce the vibrations that may be transmitted to the bottom support 128 and/or feet 132 a, 132 b, 132 c, 132 d. For example, the isolators 168 may be an elastomeric material or other material configured to absorb vibrations.

Additionally, in some examples, the oral irrigator 100 may include one or more feedback components. For example, the lights 117 a, 117 b, which may be light emitting diodes (LEDs) can be used to provide feedback to the user. Continuing with this example, the lights 117 a, 117 b may be illuminated to indicate the mode of the oral irrigator (e.g., massage mode or normal mode), or may be illuminated to indicate a cleaning or activation time, or the like.

The control circuit 164 may control the motor 142 and other elements of the oral irrigator 100. FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram of the oral irrigator 100 illustrating the electrical communication between select components. With reference to FIGS. 3A and 5, a power source 115 (which may be an outlet in communication via the power cable 116 or one or more batteries) may be in communication with a massage module 172, the motor 142, and optionally, one or more of the input buttons 110, 112, 124. For example, the second control actuator 112 may be in communication with a switch 148 module that may be in communication with control circuitry 164 and/or power source 115 to selectively activate the motor 142.

In some examples, the control circuitry 164 may provide a substrate that supports one or more components, as well as provides communication between those components. For example, the control circuit 164 may be a printed circuit board including one or more traces or connective lines that transmit signals between the massage module 172, the motor 142, and/or the power source 115.

The massage module 172 may selectively control the motor 142 to vary one or more parameters of oral irrigator 100. The massage module 172 may include a signal generator 166 as well as one or more processing elements 170. The processing element 170 may be one or more processors or control chips that may process and execute instructions. The signal generator 166 may be substantially any type of component that may create voltage signals to control one or more characteristics of the motor 142. For example, the signal generator 166 may create one or more repeating or non-repeating electronic signals (e.g., voltage waveforms) that may be applied to the motor 142. In a particular implementation, the signal generator 166 may be a function generator that may produce electrical waveforms over a range of frequencies. Exemplary waveforms include sinusoidal waves, square waves, sawtooth waves, triangular waves, and so on. Additionally, the signal generator may be configured to create modified waves that include characteristics of two or more waveforms. Illustrative waveforms that may be used will be discussed in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 8A-8C.

FIG. 6 is a simplified circuit diagram of the massage module 172. With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the signal generator 166 may be in communication with an amplifier 174 and a gate 176 or switch. The signal generator 166 may be in communication with the processor element 170, which may determine the signals generated by the signal generator 166. In some examples, the signal generator 166 may be incorporated into the processing element 170, such that the processing element 170 may perform the functions of the signal generator 166 and may create and apply signals to the motor.

The signal generator 166 may be in communication with an amplifier 174. The amplifier 174 may amplify a signal generated by the signal generator 166 prior to applying the signal to the motor. For example, the amplifier 174 may be an operational amplifier or a differential amplifier. The amplifier 174 may be in communication with the motor 142 as well as the signal generator 166. In some examples, the amplifier 174 may be configured to receive feedback from its output, in order to provide a more consistent output signal. However, it should be noted that the configuration of the amplifier 174, as well as the type of amplifier and inputs used may be varied based on the type of motor 142 and signal generator used 166. Additionally, depending on the output voltage of the signal generator and/or other system characteristics, the amplifier 174 may be omitted. In these instances, the signal may be directly or indirectly applied to the motor without being amplified.

The amplifier 174 may be in communication with a gate 176 or switch. The gate 176 may selectively provide the output of the amplifier 174 (which may be a signal produced by the signal generator 166) to the motor 142. For example, when the gate is not activated, the motor 142 may not receive a signal from the signal generator, but may receive a constant power signal. As another example, when the gate is not activated, the motor 142 may be separated from any signal or power source, preventing the motor from being activated. In this example, the gate 176 provides power to the motor and the signal produced by the signal generator varies the signal transmitted through the gate and during normal mode the motor receives a constant voltage signal and during massage mode the motor receives a variable signal. As yet another example, the activation voltage for the gate 176 may be varied to control the current transmission to the motor. In particular, the gate 176 may be turned slightly activated during one mode allowing a reduced amount of current to travel between its source and drain (when the gate is a transistor) and then may be fully activated to allow full current flow. The variation in current may be used to pulse the signal to the motor or may be used to slow the motor down.

The gate 176 may be a switch or other selectively activated component. In one example, the gate 176 may be a transistor, such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), such as an N-channel MOSFET. However, other types of transistors or gates are also envisioned, as well as other components that may be used to selectively provide communication between two or more components.

The massage module and other control circuitry of the oral irrigator may be implemented in a number of different manners, which may vary as desired. FIGS. 7A-7D illustrate various circuit schematics that may be used to implement one or more functions of the oral irrigator, control circuitry, and/or massage module. However, it should be noted that the electrical components, such as resistors, capacitors, and/or gates illustrated may be otherwise configured, omitted, or varied based on a number of a different factors. As such, the schematics illustrated in FIGS. 7A-7D are meant as illustrative and not limiting.

FIG. 7A is an illustrative circuit schematic of the control circuitry for one example of the oral irrigator. With reference to FIG. 7A, the circuitry 164 may include a number of electrical components, such as traces, resistors, switches or transistors, and amplifier. The schematic illustrated in FIG. 7A is one example only and the exact components and structures for implementing the massage module may be varied as desired and based on the constraints and parameters of the particular oral irrigator or other device incorporating the massage module.

FIG. 7B illustrates a second example of a schematic for the oral irrigator. In the example shown in FIG. 7B, the voltage source may be 12V and the processing element 170 and the switch 148 may control operation of the oral irrigator 100. The schematic may also include a second control element 171 that may control a clock signal, data, a reset function, and the like for the oral irrigator. The second control element 171 may be in electrical communication with the processing element 170.

FIG. 7C illustrates a third example of a schematic for the oral irrigator. In the example shown in FIG. 7C, the voltage source may be higher than the example shown in FIG. 7B and may include a fuse 181 to help regulate spikes in current and/or voltage. As shown in FIG. 7B, the second control element 171 may also be used to provide clock signals and resets for the oral irrigator 100 and the switch 148 may provide communication between one or more of the control actuators 110, 112, 113, 124 with the processing element 170.

FIG. 7D illustrates a diagram of the switch 148 and light module. With reference to FIGS. 7B, 7C, and 7D, the switch 148 module may be in communication with the processing element 170, the lights 117 a, 117 b, the second control actuator 112, and the third control actuator 113. With reference to FIG. 7D, when the second control actuator 112 is activated by the user, the switch 148 may provide a signal to the processing element 170, which may activate the oral irrigator 100. Additionally, the switch 148 may activate the first light 117 a to indicate that the oral irrigator 100 has been activated and is in the normal mode. For example, the normal or clean mode may be a default mode that may be activated when the oral irrigator 100 is initially activated.

With continued reference to FIGS. 7B, 7C and 7D, when the second control actuator 113 is activated by the user, the switch 148 may provide a signal to the processing element 170 indicating that the user has activate the massage mode or second mode. Additionally, the switch 148 may illuminate the second light 117 b to indicate to the user that the massage mode has been activated. In the example shown in FIG. 7D, both lights 117 a, 117 b may be light emitting diodes. However, in other embodiments, other light sources are envisioned.

With reference again to FIGS. 1A-6, in operation, the user may rotate, push, or otherwise provide an input to the second control actuator 112. The second control actuator 112 may activate the oral irrigator 100, causing the power supply 115 to provide power to the control circuitry 164 and the motor 142. During normal operation, control circuitry 164 will provide a normal control signal to the motor 142. For example, the voltage or power source 115 may be placed into communication with the motor 142 and may provide a substantially constant control signal to the motor 142. As the motor 142 receives the constant control signal, the motor 142 may begin turning the drive shaft 143, moving the piston 145. As the piston moves, fluid from the reservoir 104 may be pulled through the valve 158 into the pump 146 and be pushed through the outlet 154 of the valve fitting 152 into the hose 118. The fluid may then travel through the hose 118 to the handle 108 and exit out of the tip 114.

During normal operation, the control signal to the motor 142 may be substantially constant, causing the motor 142 to rotate the drive shaft in a constant manner (e.g., having a constant velocity). In examples where a piston pump or other reciprocating pump is used, the fluid may be slightly pulsed as it is expelled from the tip 114. This is due to the reciprocating nature of the pump, e.g., the alternating pulling and pushing to alternately pull fluid from the reservoir 104 and push fluid from the pump out to the tip 114. Depending on the type, size, or the like, the pulses during normal operation may have a somewhat short duration and fast frequency. In one example, the pulses due to the reciprocating nature of the pump 146 may be about 26 pulses per second. However, in other examples, during normal mode, the fluid outlet may not be pulsed, but may be substantially constant. For example, in examples where a non-reciprocating pump is used, the output during normal mode may be substantially constant.

During use, if the user hits the pause actuator 124, a valve within the handle 106 may reduce or substantially prevent fluid from exiting the tip 114. Alternatively or additionally, the fourth control actuator 124 may transmit a signal to the processing element 170 that may temporarily stop movement of the motor 142, to prevent or reduce fluid transmitted from the reservoir 104 to the tip 114. Also, if the first control actuator 110 is activated, the user may selectively adjust the pressure of fluid expelled from the tip 114.

If massage mode is activated, such as by a user providing an input to the oral irrigator 100 through one of the control actuators 110, 112, 113, 124, the fluid output characteristics may be modified. For example, the third control actuator 113 may be used to activate a massage mode for the oral irrigator 100. During massage mode, the processing element 170 may selectively activate the gate 176, to vary the signal provided to the motor 142. In one example, the signal generator 166 may apply a varying signal to the motor 142, which may cause the motor 142 to selectively vary one or more movement characteristics. For example, the signal generator 166 may apply a signal that has a variable voltage across a predetermined time duration. The signal may vary not only in voltage magnitude, but also in time between a high voltage and a low voltage (e.g., frequency).

With reference to FIG. 6, the amplifier 174 may increase the signal generated by the signal generator 166 and provide the increased control signal to the motor 174. The control signal may selectively interrupt or vary the power supplied to the motor 142, causing the motor to intermittently stop or slow down, reducing, stopping, or changing the movement of the drive shaft 143. As the drive shaft 143 varies, the piston 145 may also vary, which may increase the length of pulses produced by the pump 146, as well as the pressure output by the pump 146. As an example, when the control signal is low or otherwise prevents power from being transmitted to the motor, the motor 142 may stop rotating the drive shaft 143, which may in turn, stop movement of the piston 145, reducing or stopping fluid from flowing from the reservoir 104 to the tip 114.

Specifically, one control signal may be configured create 0.5 second pulses. In other words, the pump 146 may produce 2 pulses per second, with may have a substantially slower pulse rate than the pulse rate due to the reciprocating nature of the pump, and each pulse may have a substantially longer duration as compared to the normal mode. However, it should be noted that other pulse rates are envisioned and will be discussed in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 8A-8C.

In some implementations, the flow rate of the oral irrigator during massage mode may be reduced as compared to the flow rate during normal mode. As a specific example, the massage mode flow rate may be between 40 to 70 percent and often 50 to 60 percent of the flow rate during normal mode. In some implementations, the oral irrigator 100 may have a flow rate during clean mode ranging between 300-400 mL per minute and often may be about 370 mL per minute and during massage mode the flow rate may range between 150-200 mL per minute or lower and often may be 222 mL per minute.

In addition to changing the pulse rate, the control signal may also vary the magnitude of power provided to the motor 142, which may increase or decrease the outlet pressure of the pump 142. In a specific implementation, the outlet pressure of the oral irrigator during cleaning mode may range between 70 to 95 psi, and often average between 90-93 psi and during massage mode may range between 60 to 90 psi, and often average between 80-87 psi. FIGS. 9A and 9B illustrate example pressure ranges for the oral irrigator during normal mode and during massage mode. For example, by applying an increased voltage to the motor 142, the current supplied to the motor 142 may also increase, increasing the torque of the motor 142. The increased torque may exert an increased force on the piston 145, to increase the output pressure of the oral irrigator 100. Accordingly, in some examples, the control signal may vary not only the durations for which a voltage is applied to the motor, but also the magnitude of the voltage in order to vary not only the fluid pulses but also the fluid pressure output by the oral irrigator 100.

As the fluid exits the tip 114, the user may direct the flow on his or her teeth, gums, tongue, cheeks, or the like. The varying control signals may vary the fluid output by the tip 114. In some examples, the variation in fluid may create a massage effect on a user's gums. For example, during each pulse fluid may not exit from the tip 114, allowing blood to return to the user's gums before the next fluid stream hits the gums. This may provide a massaging effect, as well as may stimulate blood flow to the gums and enhance the cleaning experience with the oral irrigator.

The signal generator 166 may vary a frequency and magnitude of the control signal based on a desired output pulse rate and fluid pressure. FIGS. 8A-8C illustrate control signals that may be created by the signal generator to be applied to the motor 142. The control signals may include one or more voltage peaks and voltage minimums. As some illustrative examples, the voltage peaks may be 170V, 12V, 6V, or other values and the voltage minimums may be a subset of the voltage peaks and often may be substantially or about 0V. However, it should be noted that many other voltage values are envisioned and the voltage of the control signal may depend on the motor, the processing element, and other system parameters and as such may be modified as desired.

With reference to FIG. 8A, a control signal 200 may be a square wave having a voltage peak 202 or amplitude and a voltage minimum 204. In some examples, the voltage peak 202 (i.e., maximum voltage) may be applied for a duration T1 and the voltage minimum 204 may be applied for a duration T2. In this example, the durations T1 and T2 may be approximately equal. In a particular implementation, the peak voltage 202 may be approximately 12 V and the minimum voltage 204 may be 0 V, additionally both durations T1 and T2 may have a length of approximately 100 ms.

When the control signal 202 of FIG. 8A is applied to the motor 142, during the duration T2 of the minimum voltage 204, the motor 142 may not receive power. In other words, because the minimum voltage 204 is set to 0 V, the motor 142 may not be powered. As the motor 142 does not receive power during the duration of the minimum voltage 204, the drive shaft 143 may slow down and stop moving, stopping movement of the piston 145 within the pump 146. Thus, during the duration T2, the pump 146 may not pump fluid, creating a pause in fluid flow. Then, when the peak voltage 202 is applied, the motor 142 may begin rotating the drive shaft 143, causing the piston 145 to push fluid from the pump 146, creating fluid flow. In this example, the minimum voltages 204 may define the “pulse” length, or the intermission between fluid output.

With continued reference to FIG. 8A, in another example, the maximum voltage 202 may be selected to be approximately 12V and the minimum voltage 204 may be selected to be approximately 6 V or half of the maximum voltage. However, in other embodiments, the minimum voltage may be 0V in this example as well. Additionally, the two time durations may be selected to be 160 ms. In this example, during second duration T2 when the minimum voltage 204 is applied to the motor 142, the motor 142 may receive some power, but the power may be reduced as compared to the maximum voltage 202. In this example, the motor 142 may still rotate the drive shaft 143, but may do so at a reduced torque and speed, which may also cause a reduced flow rate and pressure output by the pump 146. In this example, during each pulse, fluid may be output from the tip 114, but at a slower flow rate and pressure.

In yet another implementation, the time durations T1 and T2 may be selected to be 250 ms. In these examples, the frequency of the pulses may be reduced, such that there may be fewer pulses per second as compared to examples where the time durations may be shorter.

In FIG. 8A, because the time durations T1 and T2 may be substantially equal, the time of fluid output and fluid pause may be substantially the same. However, in other examples, the time durations for the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage may be varied. With reference to FIG. 8B, a control signal 212 may include a voltage maximum 212 having a duration T3 and a voltage minimum 214 having a duration T4. In this example, the peak time duration T3 may be shorter than the minimum time duration T4, which may result in longer “pauses” in fluid flow or pulses. The time duration T4 may be twice, three times, or more, the length of the peak time duration T3.

As one example, the minimum voltage time duration T4 may be three times as long as the maximum voltage time duration T3. Thus, the pause in fluid flow may last three times as long as the fluid flow segments or pulses. In a specific implementation, the maximum voltage 212 may be 12V and may have time duration T3 of 100 ms, the minimum voltage 214 may be 0V and may have a duration of 300 ms. However, the above values are illustrative only and many other implementations are envisioned. Furthermore, although the control signal 210 in FIG. 8B is illustrated as having a longer low voltage duration T4 than maximum voltage duration T3, in some examples, the maximum voltage time duration T3 may be longer than the minimum voltage time duration T4. In these examples, the pauses or breaks between fluid flow may be reduced as compared to the fluid stream time durations.

In the control signals 200, 210 illustrated in FIGS. 8A and 8B, there may be a rapid transition between the maximum or peak voltage 202, 212 and the minimum voltage 204, 214. For example, both control signals 200, 210 may be square waves that substantially instantaneously transition between minimum and maximum values. However, in other examples, the control signal may gradually transition between a maximum and minimum voltage.

With reference to FIG. 8C, a control signal 220 having a sinusoidal shape is illustrated. The control signal 220 may have a peak voltage 220 and a minimum voltage 224, with the peak voltage 220 having a time duration T5 and the minimum voltage having a time duration T6. However, because the control signal 220 may gradually change between the maximum and minimum levels, the durations T5 and T6 may represent the time between inflection points 226, 228. The inflection points 226, 228 generally may represent half of a cycle or period for the control signal 220. In other words, the sum of the durations T5 and T6 may represent the period for the control signal 220.

Using the control signal 220 of FIG. 8C, the motor 142 may more subtly transition between the high and low states of fluid flow. That is, the transition between the “pulses” may be tapered so that there may not be a sudden reduction in fluid flow, but a more gradual reduction. In some examples, the peak voltage 222 may be three times as large as the minimum voltage 224. As one example, the peak voltage 222 may be selected at 15V and the minimum voltage 224 may be selected at 3V. In this example, the period of the control signal 220 may be 1800 ms with the high duration T5 being 900 ms and the low duration T6 being 900 ms. Although the control signal 222 shown in FIG. 8C is a sine wave, other waveforms are envisioned, such as combination waveforms (e.g., having characteristics of multiple wave types), elliptical waveforms, and the like. Accordingly, the discussion of any particular waveform is meant as illustrative only.

The massage module 172 may not only vary the pulse rate fluid flow of the oral irrigator, but may also vary an outlet fluid pressure for the oral irrigator. FIG. 9A is a chart illustrating an example outlet pressure of the oral irrigator during clean mode. FIG. 9B is a chart illustrating an example outlet pressure of the oral irrigator during massage mode. With reference first to FIG. 9A, the oral irrigator 100 may pulse rapidly (which may be due to the reciprocating nature of the pump) and the outlet pressure 240 may vary between peaks 242 and valleys 244. As can be seen from the graph in FIG. 9A, each pressure peak 242 may be generally close together with a pressure pulse rate of just over 21 peaks per second. Additionally, the average pressure for the peaks 242 may be 91.8 psi and generally the pressure at the peaks 242 ranges between 91 and 92 psi. The example outlet pressures discussed herein are meant as illustrative only and may be higher or lower based as desired.

With continued reference to FIG. 9A, the output pressure 240 may also drop to the valleys 244, which may hover around 0 psi before the pressure ramps back up extend towards a pressure peak 242. Each of the valleys 244 may occur while the piston 145 in the pump 146 is drawing fluid into the pump chamber before it expels the fluid and are therefore due to the reciprocating nature of the pump 146. Accordingly, in examples where a non-reciprocating pump may be used, the outlet pressure during normal mode may be substantially constant.

With reference now to FIG. 9B, during massage mode, the outlet pressure 250 of the oral irrigator 100 may be lower than during clean mode (shown in FIG. 9A) and may also have non-pulsating periods during which the outlet pressure may be close to or at 0 psi. For example, the outlet pressure 250 may include a high pressure period T_(high) and a low pressure period T_(low). During the high pressure period T_(high), the outlet pressure 250 may include a plurality of pressure peaks 252, as well as ramp peaks 256 that are the pressure peak while the oral irrigator 100 is transitioning between the high pressure period and the low pressure period. Additionally, the outlet pressure 250 may include valleys 254, 258. The first valley 254 may be during the high pressure T_(high) period and may be due to the reciprocating nature of the piston 145, as discussed above with respect to FIG. 9A. The second valley 258 represents the low pressure period between pulses of high pressure. During the low pressure period T_(low), the oral irrigator 100 may output little to no pressure.

As shown in FIG. 9B, in some examples, the oral irrigator 100 may have an average outlet pressure of 85.9 psi during massage mode. As with the clean mode, many other outlet pressures are envisioned and the above examples are meant as illustrative only and not limiting.

A method for operating the oral irrigator 100 including the massage module 172 will now be discussed in more detail. FIG. 10 is a method 300 for activating the massage mode. The method 300 may begin with operation 302 and the irrigator 100 may be activated. For example, the second control actuator 112 may be selected by a user to turn on the oral irrigator 100. Once the oral irrigator 100 is activated, the method 300 may proceed to operation 304. In operation 304, the processing element 170 may determine whether massage mode has been activated. For example, the processing element 170 may determine whether a user has provided an input to one of the control actuators 110, 112, 124 to select the massage mode. In a specific implementation, the switch 148 may provide an input to the processing element 170 when the second control actuator is activated. As another example, the massage mode may be activated automatically after a select time period of activation of the irrigator 100, e.g., after 30 seconds of operation, the massage mode may be automatically activated.

If the massage mode is not activated, the method may proceed to operation 314, which will be discussed in more detail below. However, if in operation 304 the massage mode is activated, the method 300 may proceed to operation 306. In operation 306, the signal generator 166 may generate a control signal 200, 210, 220. The control signal generated 200, 210, 220 may be selected from a predetermined signal, or as will be discussed in more detail below with respect to FIG. 10, may be generated based on one or more user inputs.

Once the signal generator 166 has generated the control signal 200, 210, 220, the method 300 may proceed to operation 308. In operation 308 the control signal may be applied to the motor. For example, the gate 176 may be activated to provide the control signal from the signal generator 166 to the motor 142. As the control signal is applied to the motor 142, the motor 142 may drive the drive shaft 143 based on the signal. For example, the motor 142 may selectively slow down or stop rotation of the drive shaft and/or may decrease or reduce the torque produced by the drive shaft. The variations in the drive shaft movement may create related changes in the piston 145, thus varying the output of the pump 146, changing the output characteristics of the fluid flow from the tip 114.

After operation 308, the method 300 may proceed to operation 312. In operation 312, the processing element 170 may determine whether to end massage mode. For example, the user may provide a second input to the oral irrigator 100, e.g., by selecting one of the control actuators 110, 112, 124, to indicate that he or she wishes to resume normal mode. As another example, the oral irrigator 100 may have a predetermined time period for massage mode (e.g., 1 minute, or the like), and the processing element 172 may determine to end massage mode once the allotted time has passed.

In operation 312, if massage mode is not terminated, the method 300 may proceed to operation 310. In operation 310, the method 300 may determine whether the same control signal 200, 210, 220 should be applied to the motor or whether a different signal should be applied. If the control signal is to remain the same, the method 300 may return to operation 308 and the signal may continue to be applied to the motor 142. However, in operation 310 if a new signal is desired, the method 300 may return to operation 306 and the signal generator 166 may generate a new control signal. For example, in some examples, a user may wish to vary pressure, pulse rate, or the transition between pulses during massage mode. In these instances, the processing element 170 may receive a user input to vary the control signal and may instruct the signal generator 166 to create a new control signal or vary the current control signal.

With continued reference to FIG. 10, if in operation 312 massage mode is terminated, the method 300 may proceed to operation 314. In operation 314 the processing element 170 may provide a constant signal to the motor 142. In other words, the normal mode signal may be applied to the motor, and in some instances, the normal mode signal may be substantially constant. As the motor 142 receives the normal mode signal, movement of the drive shaft 143 may be constant, and any pulses in the fluid output may be due to the reciprocating nature of the pump 146, rather than variable movement in the motor.

After operation 314, the method 300 may proceed to operation 316. In operation 316, the processing element 170 may determine whether more cleaning is desired. For example, the processing element 170 may determine whether the user has deactivated the power control actuator 112. As another example, the oral irrigator may be configured to have an activation time corresponding to a predetermined “cleaning” length and once the time length has expired, the oral irrigator 100 may automatically shut off.

If more cleaning is desired, the method 300 may return to operation 304. However, if no additional cleaning is desired, the method 300 may proceed to operation 318. In operation 318, the processing element 170 may deactivate the motor. As one example, the processing element 170 may switch off a connection between the power supply 115 and the motor 142. After operation 318, the method 300 may proceed to an end state 320.

In some examples, the pressure and pulse rate of the massage mode may be statically set. However, in other examples, the pressure and pulse rate of the pulses during massage mode may be dynamically modifiable or may be initially set by a user (e.g., calibrated to a particular user's preferences). FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating a method for dynamically modifying one or more characteristics of the fluid flow during massage mode. With reference to FIG. 11, the method 400 may begin with operation 402. In operation 402, massage mode for the oral irrigator 100 may be activated. For example, the user may select one of the control actuators 110, 112, 124 to indicate his or her desire to enter massage mode. Once in massage mode, as described in operations 306 and 308 in FIG. 9, the signal generator 166 may generate a signal and apply the signal to the motor 142.

Once massage mode has been activated, the method 400 may proceed to operation 404. In operation 404, the processing element 170 may determine whether the outlet pressure should be varied. For example, on the control actuators 110, 112, 124 may be used to allow the user to provide an input indicating whether he or she wishes for the pressure to be increased or decreased. In a particular example, rotating one of the control actuators 110, 112, 124 in a first direction may correspond to an increase in pressure and rotating in a second direction may correspond to a decrease in pressure.

If the pressure is to be varied from the current control signal output, the method 400 may proceed to operation 406. In operation 406 the processing element 170 may determine whether the pressure should be increased. In other words, the processing element 170 may determine whether the user input to vary the pressure corresponds to an increase in pressure or a decrease. It should be noted that in many implementations, operations 404 and 406 may be performed substantially simultaneously. For example, the processing element 170 may receive a single input that indicates both a change a pressure, as well as whether the pressure is to be increased or decreased.

In operation 406, if the pressure is going to be decreased, the method 400 may proceed to operation 408. In operation 408, the control signal 200, 210, 220 may be modified by the processing element 170 to reduce the maximum voltage 202, 212, 222, or reduce the amplitude of the control signal. As discussed above with respect to FIGS. 8A-8C, by decreasing the maximum voltage of the control signal, the output pressure by the pump 146 may be reduced due to a reduction in output torque by the motor. However, it should be noted that in other examples, the pressure may be decreased manually, such as by a user closing or opening a valve, such a by-pass valve or the like. In these examples, the control signal may not be modified, but the mechanical properties of the fluid path between the reservoir 104 and the tip 114 may be changed.

If in operation 406 the pressure is going to be increased the method 400 may proceed to operation 410. In operation 410, the peak voltage 202, 212, 222 or amplitude of the control signal 200, 210, 220 may be increased. As a specific example, the peak voltage may increase from 10 V to 12V. As discussed above, the outlet pressure may be related to the voltage applied to the motor 142 by the control signal, such that a change in the voltage may correspond to a change in pressure.

After either operation 408 or 410, the method 400 may proceed to operation 412. In operation 412, the processing element 170 may determine whether the pulse length and/or pulse rate should be varied. For example, the user may be provide input to the oral irrigator 100 through one or more of the control actuators 110, 112, 124 indicating his or her desire to increase the pulse rate or length.

If the pulse rate is going to be varied, the method 400 may proceed to operation 414. In operation 414, the processing element 170 may determine whether the pulse rate is going to be increased. For example, the user input to vary the pulse rate may also include an indication of whether the pulse rate should be increased or decreased. Additionally, as discussed above with respect to pressure, in some examples, the user input indicating that the pulse rate should be varied may also include data indicating whether the pulse rate should be increased or decreased.

In operation 414, if the pulse rate is going to decrease, the method 400 may proceed to operation 416. In operation 416, the signal generator 166 may decrease the frequency of the control signal 200, 210, 220. As an example, the duration T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 may be increased, such that the cycles per unit of time of the control signal may be increased, reducing the number of pulses per second.

In operation 414 if the pulse rate is going to be increased, the method 400 may proceed to operation 418. In operation 418, the signal generator 166 may increase the frequency of the control signal. For example, the duration T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 for the control signal may shorten, increasing the number of cycles of the control signal per minute. By shortening the length of the maximum and minimum voltages applied to the motor 142, the length of each pulse may be shortened, increasing the number of pulses per time frame.

After operations 416 or 418 or if in operation 412 the pulse rate is not going to be changed, the method 400 may proceed to an end state 420 and may terminate. It should be noted that the method 400 is an illustrative method for varying one or more characteristics of the fluid flow through the tip 114 during massage mode. However, many other methods are envisioned. As one example, the transition between high and low or fluid flow and a pulse may be varied by changing the transition between the maximum and the minimum voltage levels in the control signal. As another example, the length of fluid flow as compared to pulses or breaks in fluid flow may be varied by changing the duration T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 that either the maximum voltage or the minimum voltage is applied to the motor 142.

Other Examples

As generally discussed above, the processing element 170 may vary a control signal to the motor to change either or both the fluid pulse rate and/or the fluid outlet pressure. In other examples, the processing element 170 may activate a switch or valve to vary the pulse rate and/or pressure. As a first example, the processing element 170 may be in communication with an electrical valve such as a solenoid valve and when the massage mode is activated, the processing element 170 may vary the outlet of the valve to change the pressure and/or may selectively open and close the valve to change the flow rate of the oral irrigator 100. As a second example, the oral irrigator 100 may include a gear driven turbine or a water driven turbine that may be mechanically actuated or actuated by the processing element 170 to vary the flow rate of the oral irrigator 100.

CONCLUSION

The foregoing description has broad application. For example, while examples disclosed herein may focus on a massage mode for oral irrigators, it should be appreciated that the concepts disclosed herein may equally apply to other motor driven devices where a variation in motion may be desired. Similarly, although the massage module is discussed with respect to reducing a pulse rate to create a massage feeling, the devices and techniques disclosed herein are equally applicable to modifying the pulse rate or pressure of an outlet fluid for other applications (e.g., creating a faster pulse rate for quicker or more effective cleaning). Accordingly, the discussion of any example is meant only to be exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred examples, persons skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The invention is limited only by the scope of the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An oral irrigator comprising: a base; a reservoir supported by the base, the reservoir including a bottom wall and a port defined in the bottom wall of the reservoir; and a valve received in the port and movable between a first position in which the port is open to allow fluid flow from the reservoir to the base and a second position in which the port is closed by the valve, the valve including a body, a cap extending from a first end of the body, a flange extending from a second end of the body opposite the first end, a sealing member positioned around the body beneath the cap, and a spring positioned around the body between the sealing member and the flange; wherein: the cap and the sealing member are positioned on a first side of the bottom wall, with the sealing member positioned between the cap and the bottom wall; the flange and the spring are positioned on a second side of the bottom wall opposite the first side, with the spring positioned between the bottom wall and the flange such that the spring biases the valve toward the second position; when the valve is in the first position, the cap and the sealing member are spaced from the bottom wall to allow water to flow through the port, and the spring is compressed between the flange and the bottom wall; and when the valve is in the second position, the sealing member is sealed against the reservoir via the force of the spring.
 2. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein the sealing member is seated in an annular groove formed in the body of the valve adjacent the cap.
 3. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein the bottom wall includes a chamfer surrounding the port.
 4. The oral irrigator of claim 3, wherein when the valve is in the second position, the sealing member is sealed against the chamfer.
 5. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein when the valve is in the second position, the sealing member is compressed between the cap of the valve and the bottom wall of the reservoir.
 6. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein the cap and the body are dimensioned such that the cap and the body are insertable through the port for installation of the valve.
 7. The oral irrigator of claim 6, wherein the flange has a larger outer dimension than the port such that the flange is not insertable through the port.
 8. The oral irrigator of claim 7, wherein the sealing member has a larger outer dimension than the port such that the sealing member and the flange retain the valve to the bottom wall of the reservoir.
 9. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein the cap has a rounded top surface.
 10. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein the reservoir further includes a downwardly extending wall extending from the second side of the bottom wall, and wherein the spring and the flange are positioned interior of the downwardly extending wall.
 11. The oral irrigator of claim 10, wherein the base includes a wall surrounding the downwardly extending wall of the reservoir to define an annular space between the wall of the base and the downwardly extending wall of the reservoir.
 12. The oral irrigator of claim 11, wherein the sealing element comprises a first sealing element, and further comprising a second sealing element positioned in the annular space between the downwardly extending wall of the reservoir and the wall of the base and sealed against the downwardly extending wall of the reservoir and the wall of the base.
 13. The oral irrigator of claim 12, wherein the first sealing element comprises an O-ring and the second sealing element comprises a sealing cup.
 14. The oral irrigator of claim 13, wherein the sealing cup includes a bridge, a first leg extending downwardly from the bridge and sealed against an exterior surface of the downwardly extending wall of the reservoir, and a second leg extending downwardly from the bridge and sealed against an interior surface of the wall of the base.
 15. The oral irrigator of claim 1, wherein the second end of the body of the valve is hollow.
 16. The oral irrigator of claim 1, further comprising: a handle in fluid communication with the reservoir; and a pump positioned within the base and in fluid communication with the handle and the reservoir, the pump configured to move fluid from the reservoir to the handle.
 17. The oral irrigator of claim 16, further comprising a hose and a valve fitting, the valve fitting fluidly connecting the pump to the hose.
 18. The oral irrigator of claim 17, further comprising a check valve positioned between the valve and the valve fitting. 